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French brig Renard (1810)
''Renard'' was an ''Abeille''-class 16-gun brig of the French Navy, launched in 1810 in Genoa. She is known for her battle against the brig HMS ''Swallow'', one of the early deeds of then-Lieutenant Charles Baudin.
==Career==
In August 1809, Charles Baudin, recently promoted to Lieutenant, was appointed to command ''Renard''.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.61 (601 on file)〕 On 22 August 1810, while cruising off Tuscany with the brig ''Ligurie'', under Lieutenant Serra, ''Renard'' encountered the frigate HMS ''Seahorse''. ''Renard'', the best sailor of the two, allowed ''Seahorse'' to chase her while ''Ligurie'' sought her escape by sailing close to shore. After a while, ''Renard'' and ''Seahorse'' found themselves becalmed; when the wind returned, it was to favour ''Seahorse'', and ''Renard'' narrowly avoided capture by catching a breeze and running into the Gulf of La Spezia, eventually beaching herself while a storm broke out. As good weather returned, so did ''Seahorse'', and ''Renard'' had to endure her bombardment until the evening, although she did not sustain serious damage.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.62 (602 on file)〕 ''Seahorse'' departed in the evening and ''Renard'', refloated, limped back to Genoa.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.63 (603 on file)〕 En route, ''Renard'' again met ''Seahorse'', but sought refugee under the shore batteries of Levanto which, although in bad shape, proved sufficient to deter the frigate.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.64 (604 on file)〕
During 1810 and 1811, ''Renard'' escorted convoys off Tuscany and Liguria, reaching as far as Corsica and Elbe. In July 1811, ''Renard'' sortied to intercept a British privateer. ''Renard'' used a false British flag to reduce the distance of her opponent, before the privateer realised the ruse and attempted to flee. ''Renard'' gave chase and, after a solid day of pursuit, overhauled her opponent which struck at her warning shot. She proved to be the 10-gun privateer ''Three Brothers'', of Malta, with a crew of 100 men. 〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.65 (605 on file) to 67〕
In June 1812, ''Renard'' was part of the escort of a 33-ship convoy bound for Marseille. Soon after exiting Genoa, the convoy encountered a British squadron comprising the relatively new 74-gun HMS ''America'', the 44-gun frigate ''Curacoa'', and the 20-gun brig-sloop ''Swallow''. The French forces amounted to ''Renard'' and the 6-gun schooner ''Goéland'', under Lieutenant Saint-Belin.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.71 (611 on file)〕 Recognising that ''Swallow'', in the van of the British squadron, tended to sail at some distance from the ''America'' and ''Curacoa'', Baudin sought an opportunity to isolate her and capture her. He instructed ''Goéland'' to sail the convoy into the safety of Saint-Tropez. Then on 17 June,〔 around noon, seizing a moment of favourable wind when ''Swallow'' was far in front of the main British forces, engaged her at close range.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.72 (612 on file)〕 The brigs traded fire, with shots from ''Swallow'' quickly killing Ensign Charton and severely wounding Baudin, who nevertheless continued to direct the action. Meanwhile, ''Goéland'' attempted to assist ''Renard'', but a cannonball took away her rudder and left her momentarily disabled. Soon afterwards, ''Swallow'' manoeuvered to rejoin her division, leaving the badly battered ''Renard'', with 42 men casualties, to reach Saint-Tropez.〔Jurien de La Gravière, p.73 (613 on file)〕
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